refactor: split base module into std, bitwise, memory & env

modules/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # engine
-add_subdirectory(./base)
+add_subdirectory(./std)
+add_subdirectory(./bitwise)
+add_subdirectory(./env)
 add_subdirectory(./memory)
 add_subdirectory(./time)
 add_subdirectory(./logger)

modules/app/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 add_library_module(app application.cpp)
-target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE lt_debug)
+target_link_libraries(app PUBLIC memory PRIVATE lt_debug)

modules/app/private/application.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <app/application.hpp>
 #include <app/system.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::app {
 
@@ -41,12 +42,12 @@ void Application::game_loop()
 	}
 }
 
-void Application::register_system(Ref<app::ISystem> system)
+void Application::register_system(memory::Ref<app::ISystem> system)
 {
 	m_systems.emplace_back(std::move(system));
 }
 
-void Application::unregister_system(Ref<app::ISystem> system)
+void Application::unregister_system(memory::Ref<app::ISystem> system)
 {
 	m_systems_to_be_unregistered.emplace_back(std::move(system));
 }

modules/app/public/application.hpp

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
+
 namespace lt::app {
 
 class ISystem;
 
-extern Scope<class Application> create_application();
+extern memory::Scope<class Application> create_application();
 
 /** The main application class.
  * Think of this like an aggregate of systems, you register systems through this interface.
@@ -25,19 +28,19 @@ public:
 
 	void game_loop();
 
-	void register_system(Ref<app::ISystem> system);
+	void register_system(memory::Ref<app::ISystem> system);
 
-	void unregister_system(Ref<app::ISystem> system);
+	void unregister_system(memory::Ref<app::ISystem> system);
 
 protected:
 	Application() = default;
 
 private:
-	std::vector<Ref<app::ISystem>> m_systems;
+	std::vector<memory::Ref<app::ISystem>> m_systems;
 
-	std::vector<Ref<app::ISystem>> m_systems_to_be_unregistered;
+	std::vector<memory::Ref<app::ISystem>> m_systems_to_be_unregistered;
 
-	std::vector<Ref<app::ISystem>> m_systems_to_be_registered;
+	std::vector<memory::Ref<app::ISystem>> m_systems_to_be_registered;
 };
 
 

modules/app/public/entrypoint.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <app/application.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 
 auto main(int argc, char *argv[]) -> int32_t
 try
@@ -8,8 +9,7 @@ try
 	std::ignore = argc;
 	std::ignore = argv;
 
-	auto application = lt::Scope<lt::app::Application> {};
+	auto application = lt::memory::Scope<lt::app::Application> {};
-
 	application = lt::app::create_application();
 	if (!application)
 	{

modules/assets/private/shader.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace lt::assets {
 
-ShaderAsset::ShaderAsset(const std::filesystem::path &path)
+ShaderAsset::ShaderAsset(const std::filesystem::path &path): m_stream(path)
-    : m_stream(path, std::ios::binary | std::ios::beg)
 {
 	constexpr auto total_metadata_size = //
 	    sizeof(AssetMetadata)            //

modules/base/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-add_library_module(base)
-target_precompile_headers(base INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/private/pch.hpp)

modules/base/private/pch.hpp

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <base/base.hpp>
-
-/* windows */
-#ifdef _WIN32
-	#define NOMINMAX
-	#include <Windows.h>
-	#undef NOMINMAX
-#endif
-
-/** Stdlib */
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <array>
-#include <atomic>
-#include <bitset>
-#include <filesystem>
-#include <flat_map>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <functional>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <list>
-#include <map>
-#include <math.h>
-#include <memory>
-#include <set>
-#include <span>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <string>
-#include <string_view>
-#include <thread>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <tuple>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <unordered_set>
-#include <utility>
-#include <vector>

modules/base/public/base.hpp

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <memory>
-
-namespace lt {
-
-// Ref (Ref)
-template<typename t>
-using Ref = std::shared_ptr<t>;
-
-template<typename t, typename... Args>
-constexpr Ref<t> create_ref(Args &&...args)
-{
-	return std::make_shared<t>(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-}
-
-template<typename t>
-constexpr Ref<t> make_ref(t *rawPointer)
-{
-	return std::shared_ptr<t>(rawPointer);
-}
-
-// Scope (std::unique_ptr)
-template<typename t>
-using Scope = std::unique_ptr<t>;
-
-template<typename t, typename... Args>
-constexpr std::unique_ptr<t> create_scope(Args &&...args)
-{
-	return std::make_unique<t>(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-}
-
-template<typename t>
-constexpr std::unique_ptr<t> make_scope(t *rawPointer)
-{
-	return std::unique_ptr<t>(rawPointer);
-}
-
-} // namespace lt
-
-#define lt_win(x) // windows
-#define lt_lin(x) // linux
-#define lt_mac(x) // mac
-
-enum class Platform : uint8_t
-{
-	windows,
-
-	/** Named like so because "linux" is a built-in identifier. */
-	gnu,
-
-	mac,
-};
-
-namespace constants {
-
-#if defined(LIGHT_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)
-	#define lt_win(x)
-constexpr auto platform = Platform::windows;
-constexpr auto platform_name = "windows";
-
-	#undef LIGHT_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
-
-#elif defined(LIGHT_PLATFORM_LINUX)
-	#define lt_lin(x) x
-constexpr auto platform = Platform::gnu;
-constexpr auto platform_name = "linux";
-
-#elif defined(LIGHT_PLATFORM_MAC)
-	#define lt_mac(x) x
-constexpr auto platform = Platform::mac;
-constexpr auto platform_name = "mac";
-
-#else
-	#error "Unsupported platform: Unknown"
-
-#endif
-
-
-} // namespace constants
-
-/* bit-wise */
-constexpr auto bit(auto x)
-{
-	return 1 << x;
-}
-
-/* token */
-#define lt_pair_token_value_to_name(token) { token, #token }
-#define lt_pair_token_name_to_value(token) { #token, token }
-#define lt_token_name(token)               #token

modules/bitwise/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+add_library_module(bitwise)

modules/bitwise/public/operations.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace lt::bitwise {
+
+/* bit-wise */
+constexpr auto bit(uint32_t x) -> uint32_t
+{
+	return 1u << x;
+}
+
+} // namespace lt::bitwise

modules/ecs/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 add_library_module(ecs sparse_set.cpp)
-target_link_libraries(ecs PUBLIC logger lt_debug)
+target_link_libraries(ecs PUBLIC logger lt_debug memory)
 
 add_test_module(ecs sparse_set.test.cpp registry.test.cpp)

modules/ecs/public/entity.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <ecs/registry.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::ecs {
 
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ namespace lt::ecs {
 class Entity
 {
 public:
-	Entity(Ref<Registry> registry, EntityId identifier)
+	Entity(memory::Ref<Registry> registry, EntityId identifier)
 	    : m_registry(std::move(registry))
 	    , m_identifier(identifier)
 	{
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ public:
 	template<typename Component_T>
 	auto add(Component_T component) -> Component_T &
 	{
-		return m_registry->add(m_identifier, component);
+		m_registry->add(m_identifier, component);
 	}
 
 	template<typename Component_T>
@@ -33,13 +34,14 @@ public:
 		return m_registry->get<Component_T>(m_identifier);
 	}
 
-	auto get_registry() -> Ref<Registry>
+	auto get_registry() -> memory::Ref<Registry>
 	{
 		return m_registry;
 	}
 
 private:
-	Ref<Registry> m_registry;
+	memory::Ref<Registry> m_registry;
+
 
 	EntityId m_identifier;
 };

modules/ecs/public/registry.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <ecs/sparse_set.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::ecs {
 
@@ -235,7 +236,7 @@ private:
 		constexpr auto type_id = get_type_id<T>();
 		if (!m_sparsed_sets.contains(type_id))
 		{
-			m_sparsed_sets[type_id] = create_scope<SparseSet<T, EntityId>>();
+			m_sparsed_sets[type_id] = memory::create_scope<SparseSet<T, EntityId>>();
 		}
 
 		auto *base_set = m_sparsed_sets[type_id].get();
@@ -249,7 +250,7 @@ private:
 
 	TypeId m_entity_count;
 
-	std::flat_map<TypeId, Scope<UnderlyingSparseSet_T>> m_sparsed_sets;
+	std::flat_map<TypeId, memory::Scope<UnderlyingSparseSet_T>> m_sparsed_sets;
 
 	std::flat_map<TypeId, Callback_T> m_on_construct_hooks;
 

modules/env/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+add_library_module(env)

modules/env/public/constants.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace lt {
+
+enum class Platform : uint8_t
+{
+	/** The GNU/Linux platform.
+	 * Tested on the following distros: arch-x86_64
+	 * @note: Named like so because `linux` is a built-in identifier.
+	 * */
+	gnu_linux,
+
+	/**
+	 * The Microsoft Windows(tm) platform.
+	 * Tested on the following architectures: x86_64
+	 */
+	windows,
+
+	/**
+	 * The apple's macOS platform.
+	 * Currently not supported.
+	 */
+	mac,
+};
+
+/** The compiler that was used for compiling the project. */
+enum class Compiler : uint8_t
+{
+	clang,
+	gcc,
+	msvc,
+	apple_clang,
+};
+
+namespace constants {
+
+#if defined(LIGHT_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)
+	#define lt_win(x)
+constexpr auto platform = Platform::windows;
+constexpr auto platform_name = "windows";
+
+	#undef LIGHT_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+
+#elif defined(LIGHT_PLATFORM_LINUX)
+constexpr auto platform = Platform::gnu_linux;
+constexpr auto platform_name = "gnu_linux";
+
+#elif defined(LIGHT_PLATFORM_MAC)
+	#define lt_mac(x) x
+constexpr auto platform = Platform::mac;
+constexpr auto platform_name = "mac";
+
+#else
+	#error "Unsupported platform: Unknown"
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+constexpr auto compiler = Compiler::clang;
+constexpr auto compiler_name = "clang";
+
+/** @todo(Light): insert the full identifier, including version information and such */
+constexpr auto full_compiler_identifier = "clang";
+#endif
+
+} // namespace constants
+
+} // namespace lt

modules/input/private/system.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <input/components.hpp>
 #include <input/system.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::input {
 
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ struct overloads: Ts...
 	using Ts::operator()...;
 };
 
-System::System(Ref<ecs::Registry> registry): m_registry(std::move(registry))
+System::System(memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry): m_registry(std::move(registry))
 {
 	ensure(m_registry, "Failed to initialize input system: null registry");
 }

modules/input/private/system.test.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
 #include <input/components.hpp>
 #include <input/system.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <ranges>
 #include <test/test.hpp>
 
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ using test::Suite;
 class Fixture
 {
 public:
-	[[nodiscard]] auto registry() -> Ref<ecs::Registry>
+	[[nodiscard]] auto registry() -> memory::Ref<ecs::Registry>
 	{
 		return m_registry;
 	}
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ public:
 	}
 
 private:
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 };
 
 Suite raii = "raii"_suite = "raii"_suite = [] {
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ Suite registry_events = "registry_events"_suite = [] {
 	Case { "on_destrroy<InputComponent>" } = [] {
 		auto fixture = Fixture {};
 		auto registry = fixture.registry();
-		auto system = create_scope<System>(registry);
+		auto system = memory::create_scope<System>(registry);
 
 		auto entity_a = fixture.add_input_component();
 		auto entity_b = fixture.add_input_component();

modules/input/public/system.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <app/system.hpp>
 #include <ecs/registry.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <surface/components.hpp>
 #include <surface/events/keyboard.hpp>
 #include <surface/events/mouse.hpp>
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ namespace lt::input {
 class System: public app::ISystem
 {
 public:
-	System(Ref<ecs::Registry> registry);
+	System(memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry);
 
 	void tick(app::TickInfo tick) override;
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ private:
 
 	void on_button_release(const lt::surface::ButtonReleasedEvent &event);
 
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
 
 	std::array<bool, 512> m_keys {};
 

modules/math/public/vec3.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <math/vec2.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::math {

modules/math/public/vec4.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 namespace lt::math {
 

modules/memory/public/pointer_types/null_on_move.hpp

@@ -41,6 +41,17 @@ public:
 		return *this;
 	}
 
+	auto operator->() -> Underlying_T
+	{
+		return m_value;
+	}
+
+	// NOLINTNEXTLINE
+	auto operator->() const -> const Underlying_T
+	{
+		return m_value;
+	}
+
 	auto operator&() const -> const Underlying_T *
 	{
 		return &m_value;
@@ -66,6 +77,11 @@ public:
 		return m_value;
 	}
 
+	operator uint64_t() const
+	{
+		return (uint64_t)m_value;
+	}
+
 	[[nodiscard]] auto get() -> Underlying_T
 	{
 		return m_value;

modules/memory/public/reference.hpp

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <memory>
 
 namespace lt::memory {
 
-/** Wrapper around std::shared_ptr. */
+/** Wrapper around std::shared_ptr.
+ *
+ * @note Currently just an alias, might turn into an implementation later.
+ * @ref https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/shared_ptr.html
+ */
 template<typename t>
 using Ref = std::shared_ptr<t>;
 

modules/memory/public/scope.hpp

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <memory>
 
 namespace lt::memory {
 
-/** Wrapper around std::unique_ptr. */
+/** Wrapper around std::unique_ptr.
+ *
+ * @note Currently just an alias, might turn into an implementation later.
+ * @ref https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/unique_ptr.html
+ */
 template<typename t>
 using Scope = std::unique_ptr<t>;
 

modules/mirror/private/entrypoint/mirror.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@
 #include <input/components.hpp>
 #include <input/system.hpp>
 #include <math/vec2.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
+#include <renderer/components/messenger.hpp>
 #include <renderer/system.hpp>
 #include <surface/events/keyboard.hpp>
 #include <surface/events/surface.hpp>
@@ -14,11 +17,21 @@
 
 namespace lt {
 
+void renderer_callback(
+    renderer::MessageSeverity message_severity,
+    renderer::MessageType message_type,
+    renderer::MessengerCallbackData data,
+    std::any user_data
+)
+{
+	log_dbg("RENDERER CALLBACK: {}", data.message);
+}
+
 class MirrorSystem: public lt::app::ISystem
 {
 public:
 	MirrorSystem(
-	    Ref<ecs::Registry> registry,
+	    memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry,
 	    lt::input::InputAction::Key quit_action_key,
 	    std::array<lt::input::InputAction::Key, 4> debug_action_keys
 	)
@@ -27,6 +40,8 @@ public:
 	    , m_debug_action_keys(debug_action_keys)
 	{
 		using Surface = lt::surface::SurfaceComponent;
+
+
 		using Input = lt::input::InputComponent;
 
 		for (auto &[entity, surface, input] : m_registry->view<Surface, Input>())
@@ -99,7 +114,8 @@ public:
 	}
 
 private:
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
+
 
 	lt::input::InputAction::Key m_quit_action_key;
 
@@ -113,7 +129,7 @@ class Mirror: public app::Application
 public:
 	Mirror()
 	{
-		m_editor_registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+		m_editor_registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 
 		setup_window_system();
 		setup_input_system();
@@ -135,7 +151,7 @@ public:
 	{
 		using lt::input::InputComponent;
 		using lt::surface::SurfaceComponent;
-		m_surface_system = create_ref<lt::surface::System>(m_editor_registry);
+		m_surface_system = memory::create_ref<lt::surface::System>(m_editor_registry);
 
 		m_window = m_editor_registry->create_entity();
 		m_editor_registry->add<SurfaceComponent>(
@@ -185,21 +201,28 @@ public:
 		    }
 		);
 
-		m_input_system = create_ref<input::System>(m_editor_registry);
+		m_input_system = memory::create_ref<input::System>(m_editor_registry);
-		m_mirror_system = create_ref<MirrorSystem>(
+		m_mirror_system = memory::create_ref<MirrorSystem>(
 		    m_editor_registry,
 		    quit_action_key,
 		    debug_action_keys
 		);
 
 		auto entity = ecs::Entity { m_editor_registry, m_window };
-		Ref<app::SystemStats> system_stats = nullptr;
+		memory::Ref<app::SystemStats> system_stats = nullptr;
 
 		m_renderer_system = std::make_shared<renderer::System>(renderer::System::CreateInfo {
+		    .config = { .target_api = renderer::API::Vulkan, .max_frames_in_flight = 3u },
 		    .registry = m_editor_registry,
 		    .surface_entity = entity,
-		    .system_stats = system_stats,
 		});
+
+		// entity.add<renderer::MessengerComponent>({
+		//     .severities = renderer::MessageSeverity::all,
+		//     .types = renderer::MessageType::all,
+		//     .callback = &renderer_callback,
+		//     .user_data = this,
+		// });
 	}
 
 	void setup_input_system()
@@ -215,22 +238,22 @@ public:
 	}
 
 private:
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_editor_registry;
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_editor_registry;
 
-	Ref<lt::surface::System> m_surface_system;
+	memory::Ref<lt::surface::System> m_surface_system;
 
-	Ref<lt::input::System> m_input_system;
+	memory::Ref<lt::input::System> m_input_system;
 
-	Ref<lt::renderer::System> m_renderer_system;
+	memory::Ref<lt::renderer::System> m_renderer_system;
 
-	Ref<MirrorSystem> m_mirror_system;
+	memory::Ref<MirrorSystem> m_mirror_system;
 
 	lt::ecs::EntityId m_window = lt::ecs::null_entity;
 };
 
-auto app::create_application() -> Scope<app::Application>
+auto app::create_application() -> memory::Scope<app::Application>
 {
-	return create_scope<Mirror>();
+	return memory::create_scope<Mirror>();
 }
 
 } // namespace lt

modules/mirror/private/layers/editor_layer.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <input/input.hpp>
 #include <input/key_codes.hpp>
 #include <math/vec4.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <mirror/layers/editor_layer.hpp>
 #include <renderer/framebuffer.hpp>
 #include <renderer/graphics_context.hpp>
@@ -20,11 +21,11 @@ EditorLayer::EditorLayer(const std::string &name)
     , m_scene_dir("")
     , m_direction { 0.0, 0.0 }
 {
-	m_scene = create_ref<Scene>();
+	m_scene = memory::create_ref<Scene>();
 
-	m_properties_panel = create_ref<PropertiesPanel>();
+	m_properties_panel = memory::create_ref<PropertiesPanel>();
-	m_sceneHierarchyPanel = create_ref<SceneHierarchyPanel>(m_scene, m_properties_panel);
+	m_sceneHierarchyPanel = memory::create_ref<SceneHierarchyPanel>(m_scene, m_properties_panel);
-	m_content_browser_panel = create_ref<AssetBrowserPanel>(m_scene);
+	m_content_browser_panel = memory::create_ref<AssetBrowserPanel>(m_scene);
 
 	m_framebuffer = Framebuffer::create(
 	    {

modules/mirror/private/panels/asset_browser.cpp

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 #include <ecs/registry.hpp>
 #include <ecs/serializer.hpp>
 #include <imgui.h>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/asset_browser.hpp>
 #include <renderer/texture.hpp>
 
 namespace lt {
 
-AssetBrowserPanel::AssetBrowserPanel(Ref<Scene> active_scene)
+AssetBrowserPanel::AssetBrowserPanel(memory::Ref<Scene> active_scene)
     : m_current_directory("./data/assets")
     , m_assets_path("./data/assets")
     , m_active_scene(std::move(active_scene))

modules/mirror/private/panels/scene_hierarchy.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <ecs/components.hpp>
 #include <imgui.h>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/properties.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/scene_hierarchy.hpp>
 
@@ -9,7 +10,10 @@ SceneHierarchyPanel::SceneHierarchyPanel(): m_context(nullptr), m_properties_pan
 {
 }
 
-SceneHierarchyPanel::SceneHierarchyPanel(Ref<Scene> context, Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel)
+SceneHierarchyPanel::SceneHierarchyPanel(
+    memory::Ref<Scene> context,
+    memory::Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel
+)
     : m_context(std::move(context))
     , m_properties_panel_context(std::move(properties_panel))
 {
@@ -36,7 +40,10 @@ void SceneHierarchyPanel::on_user_interface_update()
 	ImGui::End();
 }
 
-void SceneHierarchyPanel::set_context(Ref<Scene> context, Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel)
+void SceneHierarchyPanel::set_context(
+    memory::Ref<Scene> context,
+    memory::Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel
+)
 {
 	if (properties_panel)
 	{

modules/mirror/public/layers/editor_layer.hpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <app/layer.hpp>
 #include <imgui.h>
 #include <math/vec2.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/asset_browser.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/properties.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/scene_hierarchy.hpp>
@@ -40,15 +41,15 @@ private:
 
 	float m_speed = 1000.0f;
 
-	Ref<Scene> m_scene;
+	memory::Ref<Scene> m_scene;
 
-	Ref<SceneHierarchyPanel> m_sceneHierarchyPanel;
+	memory::Ref<SceneHierarchyPanel> m_sceneHierarchyPanel;
 
-	Ref<PropertiesPanel> m_properties_panel;
+	memory::Ref<PropertiesPanel> m_properties_panel;
 
-	Ref<AssetBrowserPanel> m_content_browser_panel;
+	memory::Ref<AssetBrowserPanel> m_content_browser_panel;
 
-	Ref<Framebuffer> m_framebuffer;
+	memory::Ref<Framebuffer> m_framebuffer;
 
 	Entity m_camera_entity;
 

modules/mirror/public/panels/asset_browser.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <filesystem>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/panel.hpp>
 #include <renderer/texture.hpp>
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ class Scene;
 class AssetBrowserPanel: public Panel
 {
 public:
-	AssetBrowserPanel(Ref<Scene> active_scene);
+	AssetBrowserPanel(memory::Ref<Scene> active_scene);
 
 	void on_user_interface_update();
 
@@ -33,15 +34,15 @@ private:
 
 	float m_file_padding = 8.0f;
 
-	Ref<Scene> m_active_scene;
+	memory::Ref<Scene> m_active_scene;
 
-	Ref<Texture> m_directory_texture;
+	memory::Ref<Texture> m_directory_texture;
 
-	Ref<Texture> m_scene_texture;
+	memory::Ref<Texture> m_scene_texture;
 
-	Ref<Texture> m_image_texture;
+	memory::Ref<Texture> m_image_texture;
 
-	Ref<Texture> m_text_texture;
+	memory::Ref<Texture> m_text_texture;
 };
 
 } // namespace lt

modules/mirror/public/panels/scene_hierarchy.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
 #include <ecs/registry.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <mirror/panels/panel.hpp>
 
 namespace lt {
@@ -13,18 +14,24 @@ class SceneHierarchyPanel: public Panel
 public:
 	SceneHierarchyPanel();
 
-	SceneHierarchyPanel(Ref<Scene> context, Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel = nullptr);
+	SceneHierarchyPanel(
+	    memory::Ref<Scene> context,
+	    memory::Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel = nullptr
+	);
 
 	void on_user_interface_update();
 
-	void set_context(Ref<Scene> context, Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel = nullptr);
+	void set_context(
+	    memory::Ref<Scene> context,
+	    memory::Ref<PropertiesPanel> properties_panel = nullptr
+	);
 
 private:
 	void draw_node(Entity entity, const std::string &label);
 
-	Ref<Scene> m_context;
+	memory::Ref<Scene> m_context;
 
-	Ref<PropertiesPanel> m_properties_panel_context;
+	memory::Ref<PropertiesPanel> m_properties_panel_context;
 
 	Entity m_selection_context;
 };

modules/renderer/.clangd

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-Diagnostics:
-  UnusedIncludes: None
-  MissingIncludes: None

modules/renderer/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ PUBLIC
     memory
     assets
     time
+    bitwise
 PRIVATE
     surface
     pthread

modules/renderer/private/backend/vk/context/context.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/context.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/device.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/gpu.hpp>
@@ -9,10 +10,10 @@ namespace lt::renderer::vk {
 
 Context::Context(const ecs::Entity &surface_entity)
     : m_instance(Instance::get())
-    , m_surface(create_scope<Surface>(m_instance, surface_entity))
+    , m_surface(memory::create_scope<Surface>(m_instance, surface_entity))
-    , m_gpu(create_scope<Gpu>(m_instance))
+    , m_gpu(memory::create_scope<Gpu>(m_instance))
-    , m_device(create_scope<Device>(m_gpu.get(), m_surface.get()))
+    , m_device(memory::create_scope<Device>(m_gpu.get(), m_surface.get()))
-    , m_swapchain(create_scope<Swapchain>(m_surface.get(), m_gpu.get(), m_device.get()))
+    , m_swapchain(memory::create_scope<Swapchain>(m_surface.get(), m_gpu.get(), m_device.get()))
 {
 	ensure(
 	    static_cast<Instance *>(m_instance)->vk(),

modules/renderer/private/backend/vk/context/context.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
 #include <memory/pointer_types/null_on_move.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/frontend/context/context.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::renderer::vk {
@@ -42,19 +43,19 @@ public:
 	void recreate_swapchain() override
 	{
 		m_swapchain.reset();
-		// m_swapchain = create_scope<vk::Swapchain>(m_device, m_surface);
+		// m_swapchain = memory::create_scope<vk::Swapchain>(m_device, m_surface);
 	}
 
 private:
 	IInstance *m_instance;
 
-	Scope<ISurface> m_surface;
+	memory::Scope<ISurface> m_surface;
 
-	Scope<IGpu> m_gpu;
+	memory::Scope<IGpu> m_gpu;
 
-	Scope<IDevice> m_device;
+	memory::Scope<IDevice> m_device;
 
-	Scope<ISwapchain> m_swapchain;
+	memory::Scope<ISwapchain> m_swapchain;
 };
 
 } // namespace lt::renderer::vk

modules/renderer/private/backend/vk/renderer/renderer.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/swapchain.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/renderer/renderer.hpp>
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ Renderer::Renderer(IContext &context, uint32_t max_frames_in_flight)
 	ensure(m_swapchain, "Failed to initialize renderer: null swapchain");
 
 	// TODO(Light): HARDCODED PASS!!!
-	m_pass = create_ref<vk::Pass>(
+	m_pass = memory::create_ref<vk::Pass>(
 	    context,
 	    assets::ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.vert.asset" },
 	    assets::ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.frag.asset" }

modules/renderer/private/backend/vk/renderer/renderer.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <ranges>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/context.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/device.hpp>
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ private:
 
 	class Swapchain *m_swapchain {};
 
-	Ref<class Pass> m_pass;
+	memory::Ref<class Pass> m_pass;
 
 	VkCommandPool m_pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
 

modules/renderer/private/backend/vk/test_utils.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <ranges>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/context.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/surface.hpp>
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ private:
 {
 	using lt::surface::SurfaceComponent;
 
-	auto registry = lt::create_ref<lt::ecs::Registry>();
+	auto registry = lt::memory::create_ref<lt::ecs::Registry>();
 	auto entity = lt::ecs::Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 	auto surface_system = lt::surface::System(registry);
 	entity.add<SurfaceComponent>(SurfaceComponent::CreateInfo {

modules/renderer/private/frontend/context/context.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/api.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/context/context.hpp>
 #include <renderer/frontend/context/context.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::renderer {
 
-auto IContext::create(API target_api, const ecs::Entity &surface_entity) -> Scope<IContext>
+auto IContext::create(API target_api, const ecs::Entity &surface_entity)
+    -> memory::Scope<IContext>
 {
 	switch (target_api)
 	{
-	case API::Vulkan: return create_scope<vk::Context>(surface_entity);
+	case API::Vulkan: return memory::create_scope<vk::Context>(surface_entity);
 	default: throw std::runtime_error { "Invalid API" };
 	}
 }

modules/renderer/private/frontend/context/context.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/api.hpp>
 #include <renderer/frontend/context/device.hpp>
 #include <renderer/frontend/context/gpu.hpp>
@@ -14,7 +15,8 @@ namespace lt::renderer {
 class IContext
 {
 public:
-	static auto create(API target_api, const ecs::Entity &surface_entity) -> Scope<IContext>;
+	static auto create(API target_api, const ecs::Entity &surface_entity)
+	    -> memory::Scope<IContext>;
 	IContext() = default;
 
 	virtual ~IContext() = default;

modules/renderer/private/frontend/context/context.test.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <ranges>
 #include <renderer/interface/context.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/context/context.hpp>
@@ -29,8 +31,8 @@ class Fixture
 {
 public:
 	Fixture()
-	    : m_registry(lt::create_ref<lt::ecs::Registry>())
+	    : m_registry(lt::memory::create_ref<lt::ecs::Registry>())
-	    , m_surface_system(lt::create_scope<lt::surface::System>(m_registry))
+	    , m_surface_system(lt::memory::create_scope<lt::surface::System>(m_registry))
 	    , m_surface_entity(m_registry, m_registry->create_entity())
 	{
 	}
@@ -41,8 +43,8 @@ public:
 	}
 
 private:
-	lt::Ref<lt::ecs::Registry> m_registry;
+	lt::memory::Ref<lt::ecs::Registry> m_registry;
-	lt::Scope<lt::surface::System> m_surface_system;
+	lt::memory::Scope<lt::surface::System> m_surface_system;
 	lt::ecs::Entity m_surface_entity;
 };
 

modules/renderer/private/frontend/context/device.test.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <ranges>
 #include <renderer/vk/context/device.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/context/surface.hpp>
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ constexpr auto resolution = math::uvec2 { 800u, 600u };
 
 Suite raii = "device_raii"_suite = [] {
 	Case { "happy path won't throw" } = [] {
-		auto registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+		auto registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 		auto surface_system = surface::System { registry };
 		auto entity = ecs::Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 		entity.add<surface::SurfaceComponent>(surface::SurfaceComponent::CreateInfo {
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ Suite raii = "device_raii"_suite = [] {
 	};
 
 	Case { "many won't freeze/throw" } = [] {
-		auto registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+		auto registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 		auto surface_system = surface::System { registry };
 		auto entity = ecs::Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 		entity.add<surface::SurfaceComponent>(surface::SurfaceComponent::CreateInfo {
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ Suite raii = "device_raii"_suite = [] {
 	};
 
 	Case { "unhappy path throws" } = [] {
-		auto registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+		auto registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 		auto surface_system = surface::System { registry };
 		auto entity = ecs::Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 		entity.add<surface::SurfaceComponent>(surface::SurfaceComponent::CreateInfo {
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ Suite raii = "device_raii"_suite = [] {
 	};
 
 	Case { "post construct has correct state" } = [] {
-		auto registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+		auto registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 		auto surface_system = surface::System { registry };
 		auto entity = ecs::Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 		entity.add<surface::SurfaceComponent>(surface::SurfaceComponent::CreateInfo {
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ Suite raii = "device_raii"_suite = [] {
 	};
 
 	Case { "post destruct has correct state" } = [] {
-		auto registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+		auto registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 		auto surface_system = surface::System { registry };
 		auto entity = ecs::Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 		entity.add<surface::SurfaceComponent>(surface::SurfaceComponent::CreateInfo {

modules/renderer/private/frontend/context/surface.test.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/context/surface.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/debug/messenger.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/test_utils.hpp>
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ Suite raii = "surface"_suite = [] {
 	Case { "happy path won't throw" } = [&] {
 		auto observer = ValidationObserver {};
 
-		auto registry = lt::create_ref<Registry>();
+		auto registry = lt::memory::create_ref<Registry>();
 		auto entity = Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 		auto surface_system = System(registry);
 
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ Suite raii = "surface"_suite = [] {
 
 	Case { "unhappy path throws" } = [&] {
 		auto observer = ValidationObserver {};
-		auto registry = lt::create_ref<Registry>();
+		auto registry = lt::memory::create_ref<Registry>();
 		auto entity = Entity { registry, registry->create_entity() };
 
 		entity.add<SurfaceComponent>(SurfaceComponent::CreateInfo {

modules/renderer/private/frontend/messenger.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/messenger.hpp>
 #include <renderer/frontend/messenger.hpp>
 
@@ -7,11 +8,11 @@ namespace lt::renderer {
     API target_api,
     IInstance *instance,
     ecs::Entity entity
-) -> Scope<IMessenger>
+) -> memory::Scope<IMessenger>
 {
 	switch (target_api)
 	{
-	case API::Vulkan: return create_scope<vk::Messenger>(instance, std::move(entity));
+	case API::Vulkan: return memory::create_scope<vk::Messenger>(instance, std::move(entity));
 
 	case API::Metal:
 	case API::DirectX: throw std::runtime_error { "Invalid API" };

modules/renderer/private/frontend/messenger.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/api.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::renderer {
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ class IMessenger
 {
 public:
 	[[nodiscard]] static auto create(API target_api, class IInstance *instance, ecs::Entity entity)
-	    -> Scope<IMessenger>;
+	    -> memory::Scope<IMessenger>;
 
 	IMessenger() = default;
 

modules/renderer/private/frontend/renderer/renderer.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/api.hpp>
 #include <renderer/backend/vk/renderer/renderer.hpp>
 #include <renderer/frontend/renderer/renderer.hpp>
@@ -5,11 +6,11 @@
 namespace lt::renderer {
 
 auto IRenderer::create(API target_api, IContext &context, uint32_t max_frames_in_flight)
-    -> Scope<IRenderer>
+    -> memory::Scope<IRenderer>
 {
 	switch (target_api)
 	{
-	case API::Vulkan: return create_scope<vk::Renderer>(context, max_frames_in_flight);
+	case API::Vulkan: return memory::create_scope<vk::Renderer>(context, max_frames_in_flight);
 	default: throw std::runtime_error { "Invalid API" };
 	}
 }

modules/renderer/private/frontend/renderer/renderer.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/api.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::renderer {
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ public:
 	};
 
 	static auto create(API target_api, class IContext &context, uint32_t max_frames_in_flight)
-	    -> Scope<IRenderer>;
+	    -> memory::Scope<IRenderer>;
 
 	IRenderer() = default;
 

modules/renderer/private/frontend/renderer/renderer.test.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/renderer/renderer.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/test_utils.hpp>
 
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ Suite raii = "renderer_raii"_suite = [] {
 
 		std::ignore = Renderer(
 		    context,
-		    lt::create_ref<Pass>(
+		    lt::memory::create_ref<Pass>(
 		        context,
 		        ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.vert.asset" },
 		        ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.frag.asset" }
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ Suite draw = "renderer_draw"_suite = [] {
 
 		auto renderer = Renderer(
 		    context,
-		    lt::create_ref<Pass>(
+		    lt::memory::create_ref<Pass>(
 		        context,
 		        ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.vert.asset" },
 		        ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.frag.asset" }
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ Suite draw = "renderer_draw"_suite = [] {
 	Case { "post swapchain replacement renderer draw" } = [] {
 		auto observer = ValidationObserver {};
 		auto [context, _] = create_context();
-		auto pass = lt::create_ref<Pass>(
+		auto pass = lt::memory::create_ref<Pass>(
 		    context,
 		    ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.vert.asset" },
 		    ShaderAsset { "./data/test_assets/triangle.frag.asset" }

modules/renderer/private/system.cpp

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ System::System(CreateInfo info)
 	m_renderer = IRenderer::create(m_api, *m_context, info.config.max_frames_in_flight);
 
 	// WIP(Light): attach debug messenger on messenger component construction
-	m_registry->connect_on_construct<renderer::MessengerComponent>([](ecs::Registry &registry,
+	// m_registry->connect_on_construct<renderer::MessengerComponent>([](ecs::Registry &registry,
-	                                                                  ecs::EntityId entity) {});
+	//                                                                   ecs::EntityId entity) {});
 }
 
 System::~System()

modules/renderer/private/system.test.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <ranges>
 #include <renderer/system.hpp>
 #include <renderer/vk/context/context.hpp>
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ struct SurfaceContext
 
 struct RendererContext
 {
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> registry;
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry;
 	System system;
 };
 
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ struct RendererContext
 {
 	using surface::SurfaceComponent;
 
-	auto surface_registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+	auto surface_registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 	auto surface_entity = surface_registry->create_entity();
 	auto surface_system = surface::System(surface_registry);
 	surface_registry->add<SurfaceComponent>(
@@ -54,8 +56,8 @@ struct RendererContext
 {
 	auto surface_context = create_surface();
 	auto &[surface_system, surface_entity] = surface_context;
-	auto registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+	auto registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
-	auto stats = create_ref<app::SystemStats>();
+	auto stats = memory::create_ref<app::SystemStats>();
 
 	return {
 		std::move(surface_context),
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ public:
 		});
 	}
 
-	[[nodiscard]] auto registry() const -> Ref<ecs::Registry>
+	[[nodiscard]] auto registry() const -> memory::Ref<ecs::Registry>
 	{
 		return m_registry;
 	}
@@ -93,19 +95,21 @@ public:
 		return *m_surface_entity;
 	}
 
-	[[nodiscard]] auto stats() const -> Ref<app::SystemStats>
+	[[nodiscard]] auto stats() const -> memory::Ref<app::SystemStats>
 	{
 		return m_stats;
 	}
 
 private:
-	Ref<app::SystemStats> m_stats = create_ref<app::SystemStats>();
+	memory::Ref<app::SystemStats> m_stats = memory::create_ref<app::SystemStats>();
 
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 
-	Ref<surface::System> m_surface_system = create_ref<surface::System>(m_registry);
+	memory::Ref<surface::System> m_surface_system = memory::create_ref<surface::System>(
+	    m_registry
+	);
 
-	Scope<ecs::Entity> m_surface_entity = create_scope<ecs::Entity>(
+	memory::Scope<ecs::Entity> m_surface_entity = memory::create_scope<ecs::Entity>(
 	    m_registry,
 	    m_registry->create_entity()
 	);

modules/renderer/public/components/messenger.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <bitwise/operations.hpp>
 #include <any>
 
 namespace lt::renderer {
@@ -8,10 +9,10 @@ enum class MessageSeverity : uint8_t
 {
 	none = 0u,
 
-	verbose = bit(0u),
+	verbose = bitwise::bit(0u),
-	info = bit(1u),
+	info = bitwise::bit(1u),
-	warning = bit(2u),
+	warning = bitwise::bit(2u),
-	error = bit(3u),
+	error = bitwise::bit(3u),
 
 	all = verbose | info | warning | error,
 };
@@ -19,9 +20,9 @@ enum class MessageSeverity : uint8_t
 enum class MessageType : uint8_t
 {
 	none = 0u,
-	general = bit(0u),
+	general = bitwise::bit(0u),
-	validation = bit(1u),
+	validation = bitwise::bit(1u),
-	performance = bit(2u),
+	performance = bitwise::bit(2u),
 
 	all = general | validation | performance,
 };

modules/renderer/public/system.hpp

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include <app/system.hpp>
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
 #include <ecs/registry.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <renderer/api.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::renderer {
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ public:
 	{
 		Configuration config;
 
-		Ref<ecs::Registry> registry;
+		memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry;
 
 		ecs::Entity surface_entity;
 	};
@@ -52,15 +54,15 @@ public:
 private:
 	API m_api;
 
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
 
 	ecs::Entity m_surface_entity;
 
-	Scope<class IContext> m_context;
+	memory::Scope<class IContext> m_context;
 
-	Scope<class IRenderer> m_renderer;
+	memory::Scope<class IRenderer> m_renderer;
 
-	std::vector<Scope<class IMessenger>> m_messengers;
+	std::vector<memory::Scope<class IMessenger>> m_messengers;
 
 	app::TickResult m_last_tick_result {};
 

modules/std/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+add_library(std INTERFACE)
+target_precompile_headers(std INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/public/pch.hpp)

modules/std/public/pch.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/** @file pch.hpp
+ *
+ * @brief Provides the entire standard library as a precompiled header
+ */
+
+#pragma once // NOLINTBEGIN
+
+//============================================================
+// C Standard Library Headers (from <c...> family)
+//============================================================
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <cfenv>
+#include <cfloat>
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <ciso646>
+#include <climits>
+#include <clocale>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <csetjmp>
+#include <csignal>
+#include <cstdarg>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <cwchar>
+#include <cwctype>
+
+//============================================================
+// Input/Output and Formatting
+//============================================================
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <istream>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+//============================================================
+// Containers
+//============================================================
+#include <array>
+#include <deque>
+#include <flat_map>
+#include <forward_list>
+#include <list>
+#include <map>
+#include <queue>
+#include <set>
+#include <span>
+#include <stack>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <vector>
+
+//============================================================
+// Algorithms and Iterators
+//============================================================
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <execution>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <numeric>
+
+//============================================================
+// Strings and Localization
+//============================================================
+#include <charconv>
+#include <codecvt>
+#include <locale>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+//============================================================
+// Memory Management and Smart Pointers
+//============================================================
+#include <memory>
+#include <memory_resource>
+#include <new>
+#include <scoped_allocator>
+
+//============================================================
+// Utility and Miscellaneous
+//============================================================
+#include <any>
+#include <bitset>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <optional>
+#include <ratio>
+#include <source_location>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <utility>
+#include <variant>
+#include <version>
+
+//============================================================
+// Concurrency and Multithreading
+//============================================================
+#include <atomic>
+#include <barrier>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <future>
+#include <latch>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <semaphore>
+#include <shared_mutex>
+#include <stop_token>
+#include <thread>
+
+//============================================================
+// Random Numbers and Numeric Limits
+//============================================================
+#include <complex>
+#include <limits>
+#include <numbers>
+#include <random>
+#include <valarray>
+
+//============================================================
+// Regular Expressions
+//============================================================
+#include <regex>
+
+//============================================================
+// Error Handling and Diagnostics
+//============================================================
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <exception>
+#include <source_location>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <system_error>
+
+//============================================================
+// C++20/23 Additions
+//============================================================
+#include <bit>      // C++20 bit operations
+#include <compare>  // C++20 three-way comparison
+#include <expected> // C++23 std::expected (if supported)
+#include <format>   // C++20 formatting
+#include <print>    // C++23 print functions
+#include <ranges>   // C++20 ranges library
+#include <span>     // C++20 span (repeated intentionally for clarity)
+// #include <stacktrace> // C++23 stack tracing utilities // Not supported yet
+#include <syncstream> // C++20 synchronized output streams
+// NOLINTEND

modules/surface/private/linux/system.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <surface/components.hpp>
 #include <surface/events/mouse.hpp>
 #include <surface/requests/surface.hpp>
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ constexpr auto all_events_mask = KeyPressMask |         //
                                  ColormapChangeMask |   //
                                  OwnerGrabButtonMask;
 
-System::System(Ref<ecs::Registry> registry): m_registry(std::move(registry))
+System::System(memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry): m_registry(std::move(registry))
 {
 	ensure(m_registry, "Failed to initialize surface system: null registry");
 

modules/surface/private/system.fuzz.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
 #include <ecs/registry.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <surface/components.hpp>
 #include <surface/system.hpp>
 #include <test/fuzz.hpp>
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ void check_invariants()
 test::FuzzHarness harness = [](const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
 	auto provider = test::FuzzDataProvider { data, size };
 
-	auto registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+	auto registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 	auto system = surface::System { registry };
 
 	while (auto action = provider.consume<uint8_t>())

modules/surface/private/system.test.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #include <ecs/entity.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <ranges>
 #include <surface/components.hpp>
 #include <surface/requests/surface.hpp>
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ struct overloads: Ts...
 class Fixture
 {
 public:
-	[[nodiscard]] auto registry() -> Ref<ecs::Registry>
+	[[nodiscard]] auto registry() -> memory::Ref<ecs::Registry>
 	{
 		return m_registry;
 	}
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ public:
 	}
 
 private:
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry = create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry = memory::create_ref<ecs::Registry>();
 };
 
 
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ Suite raii = "raii"_suite = [] {
 
 	Case { "post destruct has correct state" } = [] {
 		auto fixture = Fixture {};
-		auto system = create_scope<System>(fixture.registry());
+		auto system = memory::create_scope<System>(fixture.registry());
 
 		fixture.add_surface_component();
 		expect_eq(fixture.registry()->view<SurfaceComponent>().get_size(), 1);
@@ -184,7 +186,7 @@ Suite registry_events = "registry_events"_suite = [] {
 
 	Case { "on_destrroy<SurfaceComponent> cleans up component" } = [] {
 		auto fixture = Fixture {};
-		auto system = create_scope<System>(fixture.registry());
+		auto system = memory::create_scope<System>(fixture.registry());
 
 		const auto &component = fixture.add_surface_component();
 		expect_eq(fixture.registry()->view<SurfaceComponent>().get_size(), 1);

modules/surface/private/windows/system.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 #include <surface/system.hpp>
 #include <utility>
 
 namespace lt::surface {
 
-System::System(Ref<ecs::Registry> registry, Ref<app::EventMediator> event_mediator)
+System::System(
+    memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry,
+    memory::Ref<app::EventMediator> event_mediator
+)
     : m_registry(std::move(registry))
     , m_event_mediator(std::move(event_mediator))
 {

modules/surface/public/system.hpp

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
 #include <app/system.hpp>
 #include <ecs/registry.hpp>
 #include <math/vec2.hpp>
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
 
 namespace lt::surface {
 
 class System: public app::ISystem
 {
 public:
-	[[nodiscard]] System(Ref<ecs::Registry> registry);
+	[[nodiscard]] System(memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> registry);
 
 	~System() override;
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ private:
 
 	void set_visibility(ecs::EntityId surface_entity, bool visible);
 
-	Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
+	memory::Ref<ecs::Registry> m_registry;
 
 	app::TickResult m_last_tick_result;
 };

modules/test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+find . -type f \( -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.hpp" \) -print0 | while IFS= read -r -d '' file; do
+  scope=false
+  ref=false
+  if grep -Eq "Scope\s*<" "$file"; then
+    scope=true
+    sed -i -E 's/(Scope)(\s*<)/memory::\1\2/g' "$file"
+  fi
+  if grep -Eq "Ref\s*<" "$file"; then
+    ref=true
+    sed -i -E 's/(Ref)(\s*<)/memory::\1\2/g' "$file"
+  fi
+  if grep -Eq "\bcreate_scope\b" "$file"; then
+    scope=true
+    sed -i -E 's/\b(create_scope)\b/memory::\1/g' "$file"
+  fi
+  if grep -Eq "\bcreate_ref\b" "$file"; then
+    ref=true
+    sed -i -E 's/\b(create_ref)\b/memory::\1/g' "$file"
+  fi
+  if $scope || $ref; then
+    includes=""
+    $scope && includes+="#include <memory/scope.hpp>\n"
+    $ref && includes+="#include <memory/reference.hpp>\n"
+    tmp=$(mktemp)
+    if [[ "$file" =~ \.hpp$ ]] && pragma_line=$(grep -En -m1 '^#pragma once' "$file" | cut -d: -f1); then
+      insert_line=$((pragma_line + 2))
+    else
+      insert_line=1
+    fi
+    head -n $((insert_line - 1)) "$file" > "$tmp"
+    echo -e "$includes" >> "$tmp"
+    tail -n +$insert_line "$file" >> "$tmp"
+    mv "$tmp" "$file"
+    clang-format -i "$file"
+  fi
+done

modules/ui/private/ui.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
 #include <ui/gl/ui.hpp>
 #include <ui/ui.hpp>
 
@@ -25,15 +27,17 @@ namespace lt {
 
 UserInterface *UserInterface::s_context = nullptr;
 
-auto UserInterface::create(Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext) -> Scope<UserInterface>
+auto UserInterface::create(memory::Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext)
+    -> memory::Scope<UserInterface>
 {
-	auto scopeUserInterface = Scope<UserInterface> { nullptr };
+	auto scopeUserInterface = memory::Scope<UserInterface> { nullptr };
 
 	switch (GraphicsContext::get_graphics_api())
 	{
-	case GraphicsAPI::OpenGL: scopeUserInterface = create_scope<glUserInterface>(); break;
+	case GraphicsAPI::OpenGL: scopeUserInterface = memory::create_scope<glUserInterface>(); break;
 
-	case GraphicsAPI::DirectX: lt_win(scopeUserInterface = create_scope<dxUserInterface>();) break;
+	case GraphicsAPI::DirectX:
+		lt_win(scopeUserInterface = memory::create_scope<dxUserInterface>();) break;
 
 	default:
 		ensure(
@@ -65,7 +69,7 @@ UserInterface::UserInterface()
 	s_context = this;
 }
 
-void UserInterface::init(Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext)
+void UserInterface::init(memory::Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext)
 {
 	// create context
 	IMGUI_CHECKVERSION();

modules/ui/public/ui.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory/reference.hpp>
+#include <memory/scope.hpp>
+
 namespace lt {
 
 class Event;
@@ -8,7 +11,8 @@ class SharedContext;
 class UserInterface
 {
 public:
-	static auto create(Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext) -> Scope<UserInterface>;
+	static auto create(memory::Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext)
+	    -> memory::Scope<UserInterface>;
 
 	static void dockspace_begin();
 
@@ -20,9 +24,9 @@ public:
 
 	virtual ~UserInterface() = default;
 
-	void init(Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext);
+	void init(memory::Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext);
 
-	virtual void platform_implementation(Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext) = 0;
+	virtual void platform_implementation(memory::Ref<SharedContext> sharedContext) = 0;
 
 	virtual void begin() = 0;